Sperm donation is a process in which a man donates his sperm to a sperm bank or fertility clinic. The sperm is used to fertilize a woman's egg, resulting in pregnancy.

Sperm donation is usually anonymous, meaning that the identity of the donor is not known to the recipient. However, some sperm banks allow donors to be known to the recipients, and some clinics allow donors to be known to the couples undergoing fertility treatment.

The process of sperm donation typically involves the following steps:

1. The donor undergoes a physical examination to ensure that he is healthy and has a high sperm count.

2. The donor provides a sample of his sperm, which is frozen and stored at the sperm bank or fertility clinic.

3. The donor's sperm is thawed and used to fertilize a woman's egg, either through artificial insemination or in vitro fertilization.

4. If the fertilization is successful, the resulting embryo is implanted in the woman's uterus, and she becomes pregnant.

Sperm donation is a safe and effective way to help couples who are unable to conceive a child naturally. It is also a way for men to help women who are unable to conceive using their own eggs. Sperm donation can be a life-saving option for couples who are unable to have a child due to a medical condition, such as cancer.